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Machining & threaded holes

Tap Drill Chart for UNC, UNF & Metric Threads

Find a practical cutting-tap drill for common UNC, UNF, and metric threads, then check the calculated hole diameter, actual thread engagement, and adjacent drill choices.

Default
1/4-20 UNC · 75%
Systems
UNC, UNF & metric
Method
60° cutting-tap estimate

Interactive selector

Find the Correct Tap Drill Size

Choose a thread and target engagement. The tool matches the calculated hole to the nearest enabled standard drill.

Without JavaScript, use the 75% reference table immediately below. The interactive result is a general-purpose starting point for 60° cutting taps, not a finished-thread acceptance limit.

75% starting point

Tap Drill Size Reference Table

Common cutting-tap recommendations calculated at 75% target engagement and matched to the nearest listed drill.

Search by thread designation, pitch, TPI, or drill size. Filter by system or series. Select a row in the calculator above for adjustable results.

More table filters and actions

Scroll horizontally to view additional columns and vertically to view additional rows. Column headers remain visible while scrolling.

General-purpose 60° cutting-tap estimates at 75% target engagement. Verify the tap manufacturer’s recommendation for production work, special tolerances, difficult materials, or forming taps.
ThreadCalculated recommendationStandard drill matchCopy
Pitch / TPITargetRecommended drill
#0-80 UNCUNC0.0600 in80 TPI75%0.0478 in1.2 mm0.04721.2078.6%
#1-64 UNCUNC0.0730 in64 TPI75%0.0578 in1.5 mm0.05911.5068.7%
#2-56 UNCUNC0.0860 in56 TPI75%0.0686 in#500.07001.7869.0%
#3-48 UNCUNC0.0990 in48 TPI75%0.0787 in2 mm0.07872.0074.9%
#4-40 UNCUNC0.1120 in40 TPI75%0.0876 in2.2 mm0.08662.2078.2%
#5-40 UNCUNC0.1250 in40 TPI75%0.1006 in#380.10152.5872.4%
#6-32 UNCUNC0.1380 in32 TPI75%0.1076 in#360.10652.7177.6%
#8-32 UNCUNC0.1640 in32 TPI75%0.1336 in3.4 mm0.13393.4074.3%
#10-24 UNCUNC0.1900 in24 TPI75%0.1494 in#250.14953.8074.8%
#12-24 UNCUNC0.2160 in24 TPI75%0.1754 in#160.17704.5072.1%
1/4-20 UNCUNC0.2500 in20 TPI75%0.2013 in#70.20105.1175.4%
5/16-18 UNCUNC0.3125 in18 TPI75%0.2584 inF0.25706.5376.9%
3/8-16 UNCUNC0.3750 in16 TPI75%0.3141 in8 mm0.31508.0074.0%
7/16-14 UNCUNC0.4375 in14 TPI75%0.3679 inU0.36809.3574.9%
1/2-13 UNCUNC0.5000 in13 TPI75%0.4251 in10.8 mm0.425210.8074.9%
9/16-12 UNCUNC0.5625 in12 TPI75%0.4813 in12.2 mm0.480312.2075.9%
5/8-11 UNCUNC0.6250 in11 TPI75%0.5364 in13.6 mm0.535413.6075.8%
3/4-10 UNCUNC0.7500 in10 TPI75%0.6526 in16.6 mm0.653516.6074.3%
7/8-9 UNCUNC0.8750 in9 TPI75%0.7668 in19.5 mm0.767719.5074.3%
1-8 UNCUNC1.0000 in8 TPI75%0.8782 in7/8 in0.875022.2277.0%
#0-80 UNFUNF0.0600 in80 TPI75%0.0478 in1.2 mm0.04721.2078.6%
#1-72 UNFUNF0.0730 in72 TPI75%0.0595 in#530.05951.5174.8%
#2-64 UNFUNF0.0860 in64 TPI75%0.0708 in1.8 mm0.07091.8074.6%
#3-56 UNFUNF0.0990 in56 TPI75%0.0816 in#450.08202.0873.3%
#4-48 UNFUNF0.1120 in48 TPI75%0.0917 in2.3 mm0.09062.3079.3%
#5-44 UNFUNF0.1250 in44 TPI75%0.1029 in2.6 mm0.10242.6076.7%
#6-40 UNFUNF0.1380 in40 TPI75%0.1136 in2.9 mm0.11422.9073.4%
#8-36 UNFUNF0.1640 in36 TPI75%0.1369 in3.5 mm0.13783.5072.6%
#10-32 UNFUNF0.1900 in32 TPI75%0.1596 in#210.15904.0476.4%
#12-28 UNFUNF0.2160 in28 TPI75%0.1812 in4.6 mm0.18114.6075.2%
1/4-28 UNFUNF0.2500 in28 TPI75%0.2152 in5.5 mm0.21655.5072.1%
5/16-24 UNFUNF0.3125 in24 TPI75%0.2719 inI0.27206.9174.8%
3/8-24 UNFUNF0.3750 in24 TPI75%0.3344 in8.5 mm0.33468.5074.6%
7/16-20 UNFUNF0.4375 in20 TPI75%0.3888 in9.9 mm0.38989.9073.5%
1/2-20 UNFUNF0.5000 in20 TPI75%0.4513 in11.5 mm0.452811.5072.7%
9/16-18 UNFUNF0.5625 in18 TPI75%0.5084 in12.9 mm0.507912.9075.7%
5/8-18 UNFUNF0.6250 in18 TPI75%0.5709 in14.5 mm0.570914.5075.0%
3/4-16 UNFUNF0.7500 in16 TPI75%0.6891 in17.5 mm0.689017.5075.2%
7/8-14 UNFUNF0.8750 in14 TPI75%0.8054 in13/16 in0.812520.6467.4%
1-12 UNFUNF1.0000 in12 TPI75%0.9188 in59/64 in0.921923.4272.2%
M1.6 × 0.35Metric coarse1.6 mm0.35 mm75%0.0496 in1.3 mm0.05121.3066.0%
M2 × 0.4Metric coarse2 mm0.4 mm75%0.0634 in#520.06351.6174.5%
M2.5 × 0.45Metric coarse2.5 mm0.45 mm75%0.0812 in#460.08102.0675.7%
M3 × 0.5Metric coarse3 mm0.5 mm75%0.0989 in2.5 mm0.09842.5077.0%
M3.5 × 0.6Metric coarse3.5 mm0.6 mm75%0.1148 in2.9 mm0.11422.9077.0%
M4 × 0.7Metric coarse4 mm0.7 mm75%0.1306 in3.3 mm0.12993.3077.0%
M5 × 0.8Metric coarse5 mm0.8 mm75%0.1662 in#190.16604.2275.4%
M6 × 1Metric coarse6 mm1 mm75%0.1979 in5 mm0.19695.0077.0%
M8 × 1.25Metric coarse8 mm1.25 mm75%0.2670 in6.8 mm0.26776.8073.9%
M10 × 1.5Metric coarse10 mm1.5 mm75%0.3362 in8.5 mm0.33468.5077.0%
M12 × 1.75Metric coarse12 mm1.75 mm75%0.4053 in10.3 mm0.405510.3074.8%
M14 × 2Metric coarse14 mm2 mm75%0.4745 in12.1 mm0.476412.1073.1%
M16 × 2Metric coarse16 mm2 mm75%0.5532 in14.1 mm0.555114.1073.1%
M18 × 2.5Metric coarse18 mm2.5 mm75%0.6128 in15.6 mm0.614215.6073.9%
M20 × 2.5Metric coarse20 mm2.5 mm75%0.6915 in17.6 mm0.692917.6073.9%
M22 × 2.5Metric coarse22 mm2.5 mm75%0.7703 in19.6 mm0.771719.6073.9%
M24 × 3Metric coarse24 mm3 mm75%0.8298 in53/64 in0.828121.0376.1%
M27 × 3Metric coarse27 mm3 mm75%0.9479 in61/64 in0.953124.2171.6%
M30 × 3.5Metric coarse30 mm3.5 mm75%1.0469 in1 in1.000025.40101.2%
M36 × 4Metric coarse36 mm4 mm75%1.2639 in1 in1.000025.40204.0%
M4 × 0.5Metric fine4 mm0.5 mm75%0.1383 in3.5 mm0.13783.5077.0%
M5 × 0.5Metric fine5 mm0.5 mm75%0.1777 in4.5 mm0.17724.5077.0%
M6 × 0.75Metric fine6 mm0.75 mm75%0.2075 in5.3 mm0.20875.3071.9%
M8 × 1Metric fine8 mm1 mm75%0.2766 inJ0.27707.0474.2%
M10 × 1Metric fine10 mm1 mm75%0.3553 in9 mm0.35439.0077.0%
M10 × 1.25Metric fine10 mm1.25 mm75%0.3458 in8.8 mm0.34658.8073.9%
M12 × 1.25Metric fine12 mm1.25 mm75%0.4245 in10.8 mm0.425210.8073.9%
M12 × 1.5Metric fine12 mm1.5 mm75%0.4149 in10.5 mm0.413410.5077.0%
M14 × 1.5Metric fine14 mm1.5 mm75%0.4936 in12.5 mm0.492112.5077.0%
M16 × 1.5Metric fine16 mm1.5 mm75%0.5724 in14.5 mm0.570914.5077.0%
M18 × 1.5Metric fine18 mm1.5 mm75%0.6511 in16.5 mm0.649616.5077.0%
M20 × 1.5Metric fine20 mm1.5 mm75%0.7299 in18.5 mm0.728318.5077.0%
M24 × 2Metric fine24 mm2 mm75%0.8682 in7/8 in0.875022.2268.3%
M30 × 2Metric fine30 mm2 mm75%1.1044 in1 in1.000025.40177.1%
M36 × 3Metric fine36 mm3 mm75%1.3023 in1 in1.000025.40272.0%

These are calculated starting points, not finished internal-thread tolerance limits. A nominal 75% target may map to a standard drill that produces a slightly different actual engagement.

How Tap Drill Size Is Calculated

For common 60° Unified and ISO metric threads, a practical tap-drill estimate starts with the nominal major diameter, thread pitch, and a target percentage of thread engagement. The result is then matched to an available standard drill.

Unified inchDhole = Dmajor − (0.01299 × E ÷ TPI)

E is entered as a whole-number percentage, such as 75.

ISO metricDhole = Dmajor − (0.01299 × E × P)

P is pitch in millimeters.

Ideal hole
The unrounded calculated diameter for the selected engagement.
Recommended drill
The enabled standard drill with the smallest absolute diameter difference; a larger drill wins an exact tie.
Actual engagement
The engagement recalculated from the selected drill’s canonical diameter.

Worked Tap Drill Examples

1/4-20 UNC at 75%

Assumptions: 0.2500 in nominal diameter, 20 TPI, general-purpose cutting tap.

Dhole = 0.2500 − (0.01299 × 75 ÷ 20) = 0.2013 in.

The nearest standard drill in the full inventory is a #7 drill at 0.2010 in, producing approximately 75.5% engagement.

Sanity check: the selected drill is slightly smaller than the ideal hole, so actual engagement is slightly higher than 75%.

M8 × 1.25 at 75%

Assumptions: 8 mm nominal diameter, 1.25 mm pitch, general-purpose cutting tap.

Dhole = 8 − (0.01299 × 75 × 1.25) = 6.782 mm.

The nearest common metric drill is 6.8 mm, producing approximately 73.9% engagement.

Sanity check: the selected drill is slightly larger than the ideal hole, so actual engagement is slightly lower than 75%.

Choosing the Right Tap Drill in Practice

75% is a starting point

  • Higher engagement generally increases tapping torque and does not always add proportional thread strength.
  • A slightly larger hole can improve tool life and chip evacuation in difficult materials.
  • Use the adjacent-drill output to see the tradeoff before changing sizes.

Cutting taps vs forming taps

  • Cutting taps remove material and are the intended use of this page.
  • Forming or roll taps displace material and normally require a larger, tightly controlled pre-hole.
  • Use the specific forming-tap manufacturer’s chart rather than this calculator.

Check the process

  • Account for drill tolerance, runout, material springback, blind-hole depth, coolant, machine rigidity, and tap geometry.
  • Confirm the thread class and finished minor diameter with the applicable standard and inspection method.
  • For safety-critical work, qualify the process with controlled trials.

Common tap drill mistakes

  • Using a clearance-hole chart instead of a tap-drill chart.
  • Mixing UNC and UNF pitches for the same nominal diameter.
  • Entering pitch as TPI or assuming every metric thread uses coarse pitch.
  • Rounding the ideal diameter before finding the nearest drill.
  • Using cutting-tap data for a forming tap.
  • Treating approximate engagement as a finished-thread acceptance measurement.

Standards, Method, and Data Rights

Common UNC, UNF, ISO metric coarse, and selected metric fine 60° cutting-tap applications.

The page uses independently calculated hole diameters and an internally maintained drill inventory. Standards are used only to verify thread forms, naming, and designation scope; the tap-drill results are independently calculated and protected standards tables are not reproduced.

Dataset and Source-Check Details

Dataset label
tap-drill-data-1.0.0
Calculated fields
Ideal hole diameter, nearest drill, diameter difference, approximate engagement
Default condition
75% target engagement
Supported engagement
50%–85%
Download status
Full standards-derived CSV disabled pending rights review
Publisher
Turn2Engineering

Tap Drill Chart FAQs

At the default 75% cutting-tap estimate, the calculated hole is about 0.2013 in and the nearest standard match is a #7 drill at 0.2010 in.

Use the Result as a Machining Starting Point

Select the exact thread and engagement needed, confirm the recommended standard drill, then review the actual engagement and adjacent sizes. Before production, verify the tap manufacturer’s guidance, material behavior, thread tolerance, and inspection requirements.

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